Re-producing public space: the changing everyday production of outdoor retail markets

In 2020, nation states across Europe restricted access to, and use of, public space to prevent the spread of COVID-19. As almost all spaces in were consequently affected by restrictive measures, so too did outdoor retail markets drastically change. Some had close down completely, whereas others operated under sway severe limitations for traders customers. By re-engaging with work late Michael Sorkin, it could be argued that effects COVID-19 add another dimension “end” or “death” space. this paper, we shift attention tactics strategies one category figures behind everyday production markets, traders, show Spain, United Kingdom, Switzerland Netherlands not simply stop functioning as spaces. Rather, they took on different forms extended spatially beyond their physical boundaries. These transformations allowed continuation social political dimensions